Demystifying Word Count in Python
Explore our comprehensive guide on how to create word count programs in Python. Whether you're a seasoned coder or just starting, this guide is designed to provide valuable insights and practical skills for word counting. From understanding the basics to mastering advanced techniques, you'll be well-prepared to excel in Python text analysis. We're here to help with your Python assignment, ensuring you have the knowledge and confidence to tackle text analysis projects effectively. Whether it's for academic assignments or real-world applications, this guide equips you with the tools you need for success in Python programming.
Block 1 - `text_to_words` Function
```python
def text_to_words(the_text):
""" return a list of words with all punctuation and numbers removed,
and all in lowercase based on the given text string.
"""
my_substitutions = str.maketrans(
# if you find any of these
"ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ0123456789!\"#$%&()*+,-./:;<=>?@[]^_`{|}~'\\",
# Replace them by these
"abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz "
)
cleaned_text = the_text.translate(my_substitutions)
wds = cleaned_text.split()
return wds
```
This function takes a text string (`the_text`) as input and processes it to return a list of words. It performs the following steps:
- It defines a translation table (`my_substitutions`) using `str.maketrans` to replace uppercase letters, numbers, and various punctuation characters with lowercase letters or spaces.
- It applies this translation to the input text to remove punctuation and convert the text to lowercase.
- It splits the cleaned text into a list of words and returns it.
Block 2 - `load_string_from_file` Function
```python
def load_string_from_file(filename):
""" Read words from filename, return a string composed of the file content. """
with open(filename, 'r') as file:
content = file.read()
return content
```
This function takes a filename as input and reads the content of the specified file. It returns the content as a single string. It uses the `with` statement to ensure that the file is properly closed after reading its content.
Block 3 - `getWordCount` Function
```python
def getWordCount(filetext):
"""Return the number of words extracted from the filetext.
Note that the duplicate words are also counted.
"""
words = text_to_words(filetext)
return len(words)
```
This function takes the content of a text file (`filetext`) and calculates the word count. It uses the `text_to_words` function to obtain a list of words from the file text and then returns the length of this list, which represents the total word count. Duplicate words are counted as well.
Block 4 - `getDict` Function
```python
def getDict(filetext):
""" Return the dictionary extracted from the filetext.
Note that each dictionary entry has
a word as its key and the word's frequency number as its value.
"""
words = text_to_words(filetext)
word_dict = {}
for word in words:
if word in word_dict:
word_dict[word] += 1
else:
word_dict[word] = 1
return word_dict
```
This function takes the content of a text file (`filetext`) and generates a dictionary where each word is a key, and the corresponding value is the frequency of that word in the text. It first uses the `text_to_words` function to obtain a list of words, and then it iterates through this list to populate the dictionary.
Block 5 - `getvocabulary` Function
```python
def getvocabulary(filetext):
""" Return the vocabulary list extracted from the filetext.
Note that there is no duplicate word contained in the vocabulary.
"""
words = text_to_words(filetext)
vocab = set(words)
return list(vocab)
```
This function takes the content of a text file (`filetext`) and returns a list containing the unique words (vocabulary) found in the text. It uses the `text_to_words` function to obtain a list of words and then converts this list into a set to remove duplicates. Finally, it converts the set back to a list before returning it.
Block 6 - Main Execution
```python
file_content = load_string_from_file('brooks.txt')
print(file_content)
word_count = getWordCount(file_content)
print("Word Count: " + str(word_count))
print("\nWord Dictionary:")
for key, value in getDict(file_content).items():
print(key, value)
print("\nVocabulary:")
print(getvocabulary(file_content))
```
This part of the code represents the main execution. It reads the content of a file named 'brooks.txt' using the `load_string_from_file` function and stores the content in the `file_content` variable. It then performs the following tasks:
- Prints the content of the file.
- Counts and prints the total number of words in the text.
- Prints a word dictionary where words are keys and their frequencies are values.
- Prints the vocabulary, which is a list of unique words in the text.
Conclusion
In conclusion, this guide has equipped you with the essential knowledge and practical skills to create word count programs in Python. By breaking down the process into manageable blocks, we've demystified text analysis and word counting. Whether you're a beginner or an experienced programmer, you now have the tools to confidently navigate Python for text analysis. The ability to count words and analyze text is a fundamental skill in various applications, from data processing to content optimization. With this newfound expertise, you're well-prepared to embark on more advanced text analysis projects and harness the power of Python in your programming journey.