C++ Programming Homework Solutions
C++ Programming Homework Help
Remarkable C++ Coding Help with Files and Streams
At Programming Homework Help, we are associated with adept coders who are dedicated to providing you with impeccable C++ coding help. You should consider taking our assistance if you are stuck with your files and streams homework. You have probably been using the iostream standard library while coding in C++. This library has the cin and cout methods that support standard reading and writing of input and output respectively. However, if you want to read and write from a file, you will need another standard library known as the fstream.
The fstream library has three data types:
- Ofstream
- Create files
- Write information to files
- Ifstream
- Fstream
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Operator Overloading in C++
C++ is the most complicated programming language in widespread use, but this is because it is basically multiple languages in one. You can use C code almost completely unmodified, you can write code that is similar to Java or you can use it to its full and implement your own language inside C++. It was designed to be efficient, and unless you need to use a feature then it would not cost you compared with equivalent C code. If you use virtual methods then it will be slightly slower, but if you don’t need them for a class there is no cost. C++ provides access protection (private and public methods and variables) which is similar to Java but has a slightly different syntax, but also offers features not supported in Java. One of the features is const which enables you to say a method will not modify any fields inside the object, and the other main one is operator overloading which enables you to write much more readable code.
Structured binding in C++
A structured binding is the allonym of an available object (like a reference), but its type should not be a reference one (unlike a reference). In detail, structured bindings allow declaring several variables that are initialized from a structure.
Structured binding is a recent programming capability, which is added in C++17 to create clean applications. Indeed, the C++17 programming language allows binding the determined names to initialize elements (sub-objects) for more understandability.
The general syntax of structured binding in C++ is:
- auto references-operator(optional)[id-list](expression);
In this statement, the id-list demonstrates the list of variables separated by the comma operator. The expression is a non-union class type (array) that does not contain the comma.
Get Expert Help with C++ Homework on Dynamic Memory
Do you need help with C++ programming homework? Do not go anywhere else. We offer an affordable and super quality C++ project help service that caters to all homework related to dynamic memory. C++ was created to introduce the concepts of object orientation to the C programming language. C++ programs are constructed using objects and classes. According to our C++ code helpers, an in-depth understanding of how dynamic memory works is critical for any student aspiring to be a good C++ programmer.
A C++ program memory has two parts:
- The Stack: Memory allotted to all variables declared inside the function
- The Heap: Memory that is not used
- Dynamic memory allocation for arrays
- Operators
- New
- Delete
- Dynamic memory allocation for objects
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String in C++
In the C++ programming language, a stream of characters (bytes)is defined as String(an object of the std:: string class), allowing to enter, modify, and store single-byte characters. Unlike character arrays that pre-allocate memory statically, strings are assigned demand-based memory dynamically at run-time to deal with resource waste. Besides, character arrays do not provide several predefined functions to manage strings. However, string class offers a complete set of functions to performs operations on characters. Some of the most common string functions in C++ are:
- Input functions
- getline()tosavea string
- pop_back()to eliminate the last character of a string
- push_back()to add a character at a string
- Capacity functions
- capacity()to demonstrate allocated capacity to a string
- length()to show the length of the string
- resize() to manipulate the size of a string
- Manipulating functions
- copy()to copy a string in a character array
- swap()to swap a string with another
Proxy in C++
A proxy refers to a structural template. It provides an opportunity for the customers to exploit another object instead of the leading service one, so that:
- The customers send their requests to the proxy.
- The proxy performs some tasks on customers’ requests, such as cache or access control.
- The modified requests are transferred to the service objects.
Proxies are still useful in some C++ applications, which require setting up extra behaviors to an object without the client’s code modification. Proxy patterns must refer to a service object when they are not a subclass of it. To use the proxy in the C++ programming language:
- Design a covering class (it maintains a pointer to the leading class).
- Set the initialized value of the pointer to null.
When a request arrives, the leading object is initialized, and the request is appointed.
Can Your Experts Do My C++ Programming Homework on Exceptions?
Homework on Exceptions can be a daunting task. So we are never surprised when students ask us “can your experts do my C++ programming homework for me? Exceptions in C++ programming are runtime errors. To get hold of the concepts of exception handling you should be well-versed in the try/catch statement. The try block is used in the part of the code where an exception might occur. The catch block on the other hand is used to handle the exception. You can define new exceptions via inheriting and overriding class functionality. This is what is called user-defined functionality.
Exceptions in C++ are all derived from the std::exception class. I have listed in the table below some of the common exceptions in C++.
Exception | Description |
Std::exception | This is the main exception and the parent class of all the standard exceptions in C++. |
Std::logic_failure | You can easily detect this exception by reading the code |
Std::runtime_error | This type of exception, unlike the Std::logic_failure, cannot be detected by reading the code |
Std::bad_exception | This is a C++ exception that is used to handle unexpected exceptions in the program |
Std::bad_cast | This type of exception is usually thrown by dynamic_cast |
Std::bad_typeid | This exception is usually thrown by typeid |
Std::bad_alloc | An exception that is thrown by new |
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Is It possible to Build a Virtual Constructor in C++?
Since C++ is a statically-typed programming language, the programmers cannot build a virtual class constructor for polymorphic object creation. Indeed, the C++ compiler must know the class type for object creation (specifying the object type is a compile-time task). Thus, the compiler shows an error when the programmers build virtual constructors because only the constructor declaration is allowed in C++.
In real-world applications, object creation and its type are firmly intertwined. The purpose of the virtual constructor is to separate the object creation from its type. It works when a base class pointer is to a derived class object. In C++, the constructor cannot be virtual because when a class constructor is performed, there is no virtual table in the memory, demonstrating no virtual pointer is defined. Therefore, the constructor in the C++ programming language should be non-virtual.
Function Analysis (Asymptotic Analysis)
Function analysis (asymptotic analysis of the function)is defined as the program's mathematical limitation run-time performance. Programmers can calculate the worst(maximum time to execute a program), average(average time to execute a program), and the best (minimum time to execute a program) case scenario of a program exploiting its asymptotic analysis.
Function analysis is an input-bounded mechanism, i.e., all parameters except input are supposed constant (the programs without input execute in a constant time). Complexity analysis refers to a class of functions for a program's behavior examination based on the size of inputs (especially large inputs). In this analysis:
- Big O is an upper bound for the worst-case scenarios.
- Big Ω is a lower bound for the best-case scenarios.
- Big Θ is an upper and lower bound for the scenarios withBigΩ== BigO.
Return Type Resolver in C++
Return type resolver or return type overloading is one of the advanced concepts in the C++ programming language, which exploits templated conversion operator and a proxy class to derive object types when the objects are initialized or allocated.
Return type resolver is employed to offer a generic object-independent homework interface to deal with the function overloading challenges only using returned type. The general scheme of return type resolver in C++ is illustrated in Algorithm 1.
Multi-dimensional Array in C++
- Elements_Type M_Dimensional_Array_Name [Dim1][Dim2][Dim3] … [DimM]
- In this statement,
- Elements_Type refers to the type of stored elements in the M-dimensional array that can be any valid data-type in C++. It should be noted that all data stored in a multi-dimensional array must be of the same type.
- M_Dimensional_Array_Name displays the name of the M-dimensional array that can be any valid identifier in C++.
- Dim1, Dim2, Dim3, …, DimMrepresents the size of M dimensions. Thus, the total number of elements stored in an M-dimensional array is computed by multiplying the length of dimensions (Dim1 × Dim2 × Dim3 × …× DimM).
Generalized Lambda Expressions in C++
One of the powerful capabilities added in C++11 is lambda expressions. They are generally pieces of code that are inserted into function call expressions or functions. Thus, programmers can exploit the combination of lambda expressions and auto keywords in C++ applications to decrease codes, enhance the efficiency of applications, and support parallel/sequential execution using behaviors as the arguments.
In the C++ programming language, Lambda is a context-based phrase that usually points to one of three terms, including a closure object, a lambda expression, or a closure class.
The standardsyntax of a lambda expression is:
- auto Lambda_expression = [](auto A, auto B) {return A + B;}
In this statement, Lambda_expression is the closure object, and [](auto A, auto B) { return A + B; } refers to the lambda expression. Although the closure class is invisible in the syntax above, it locates in the closure object’s type.
Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII) in C++
Resource Acquisition Is Initialization (RAII), Destructor Releases (CADRe), Constructor Acquires (CA), or Scope-based Resource Management (SBRM) is a computer engineering phrase for statically-typed and object-oriented programming languages to define specific behaviors successfully. It related the resource to object lifetime fixedly, mostly automatic variables. In more detail, the constructor performs acquisition (resource allocation)during the initialization phase (object building), and the destructor releases allocated resources during the finalization (object destruction).
Resource acquisition had been expanded for several programming languages to manage resources and prevent exceptions.C++ is the most common language that supports RAIIto maintain resources between initialization and finalization steps. Thus, IfC++ programmers use RAII, they can claim“no resource leaks in the case of no object leaks.”
C++ programming language exploits some library classes to guarantee RAII in the applications, including:
- std::string, std::vector, std::threadto acquire and release resources.
- std::unique_ptr and std::shared_ptrto administer dynamic memories.
- std::lock_guard, std::unique_lock, std::shared_lockto manipulatemutexes.
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